



******Replication codes for "Elite cleavage and the rise of capitalism under authoritarianism"
 
set more off
 


 
 ***********Table 1 Descriptive Statistics (Dependent Variables)************

****************Zhejiang Province***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiangdata.dta", clear


tab mfc if year==1965, sum(nonsoe)

tab mfc if year==1978, sum(nonsoe)

tab mfc if year==1998, sum(nonsoe)


tab mfc if year==1965, sum(pcnonsoeind)

tab mfc if year==1978, sum(pcnonsoeind)

tab mfc if year==1998, sum(pcnonsoeind)


use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiang_longrun.dta", clear

***ssc install sumup

sumup gr7898e pcgdp98 pcind98 lnlight pubpop prodpop, by(mfc)


****************Jiangsu Province***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\jiangsudata.dta", clear


tab mfc if year==1965, sum(nonsoe)

tab mfc if year==1978, sum(nonsoe)

tab mfc if year==1998, sum(nonsoe)


tab mfc if year==1965, sum(pcnonsoeind)

tab mfc if year==1978, sum(pcnonsoeind)

tab mfc if year==1998, sum(pcnonsoeind)


use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\Jiangsu_longrun.dta", clear

sumup gr7898e pcgdp98 pcind98 lnlight pubpop prodpop, by(mfc)



******** Table 2: Effects on Share of Non-State Industrial Output**********
 

****Zhejiang Columns (1)-(2) ********

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiangdata.dta", clear

xtreg nonsoe  mfc1978 mfc1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg nonsoe  mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998 flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)


****Jiangsu Columns (3)-(4)********

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\jiangsudata.dta", clear

xtreg nonsoe  mfc1978 mfc1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg nonsoe  mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)



********Table 3 Effects on Non-State Industrial Output**********
 


****************Zhejiang  Columns (1)-(3)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiangdata.dta", clear

xtreg lnpcnonsoeind mfc1978 mfc1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnpcnonsoeind mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998 lnpcnonsoeind6578 lnpcnonsoeind6598 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnpcnonsoeind mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998 lnpcnonsoeind6578 lnpcnonsoeind6598 i.year [aweight=pop65w],fe cl(countyid)


****************Jiangsu  Columns (4)-(6)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\jiangsudata.dta", clear

xtreg lnpcnonsoeind  mfc1978 mfc1998  i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnpcnonsoeind  mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998 lnpcnonsoeind6578 lnpcnonsoeind6598 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnpcnonsoeind  mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998 lnpcnonsoeind6578 lnpcnonsoeind6598 i.year [aweight=pop65w],fe cl(countyid)

 
 
********Table 4 Effects on Long-run Economic Development *********
 

****************Zhejiang  Columns (1)-(4)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiang_longrun.dta", clear
 
reg  gr7898e mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground,robust
 
reg  lnpcgdp98 mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground,robust
 
reg  lnpcind98 mfc  lnpcind78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground,robust
 
reg  lnlight mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,robust


****************Jiangsu  Columns (5)-(8)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\Jiangsu_longrun.dta", clear

reg  gr7898e mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,robust

reg  lnpcgdp98 mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,robust

reg  lnpcind98 mfc  lnpcind78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,robust

reg  lnlight mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,robust



**** Table 5  Effects on Public Spending in 1998*****

****************Zhejiang  Columns (1)-(4)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiang_longrun.dta", clear

reg  lnpubpop mfc ,robust

reg  lnpubpop mfc lnpcgdp78  lnpop98 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,robust

reg  lnprodpop mfc ,robust

reg  lnprodpop mfc lnpcgdp78 lnpop98 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground,robust


****************Jiangsu  Columns (5)-(8)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\Jiangsu_longrun.dta", clear

reg  lnpubpop mfc ,robust

reg  lnpubpop mfc lnpcgdp78  lnpop98 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,robust

reg  lnprodpop mfc ,robust

reg  lnprodpop mfc lnpcgdp78 lnpop98 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground,robust




***********Appendix C: Supplemental Empirical Results***********
 
***********Table C1 Descriptive Statistics (Control Variables)************

****************Zhejiang Province ***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiangdata.dta", clear

tab mfc if year==1965, sum(pop)
tab mfc if year==1965, sum(coastline)
tab mfc if year==1965, sum(flatground)
tab mfc if year==1965, sum(altitude)

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\zhejiang(1212).dta", clear
sumup pcgdp78 pop78 pop98, by(mfc)


****************Jiangsu Province ***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\jiangsudata.dta", clear

tab mfc if year==1965, sum(pop)
tab mfc if year==1965, sum(coastline)
tab mfc if year==1965, sum(flatground)
tab mfc if year==1965, sum(altitude)

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\Jiangsu_longrun.dta", clear

sumup pcgdp78 pop78 pop98, by(mfc)





 
*********** Table C2: Placebo Test I:  Effects on Total Industrial Output(1952-1965) ************


****************Zhejiang Province Columns (1)-(3)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiangdata.dta", clear

xtreg lnpcind  mfc1957 mfc1965 i.year if year<1970,fe cl(county)

xtreg lnpcind  mfc1957 mfc1965  coastline1957 coastline1965 altitude1957 altitude1965 flatgroud1957 flatgroud1965 i.year if year<1970,fe cl(county)

xtreg lnpcind  mfc1957 mfc1965  coastline1957 coastline1965 altitude1957 altitude1965 flatgroud1957 flatgroud1965 i.year if year<1970 [aweight=popw57],fe cl(county)


****************Jiangsu Province Columns (4)-(6)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\jiangsudata.dta", clear

xtreg lnpcind  mfc1957 mfc1965  i.year if year<1970,fe cl(county)

xtreg lnpcind  mfc1957 mfc1965  coastline1957 coastline1965 altitude1957 altitude1965 flatgroud1957 flatgroud1965 i.year if year<1970,fe cl(county)

xtreg lnpcind  mfc1957 mfc1965  coastline1957 coastline1965 altitude1957 altitude1965 flatgroud1957 flatgroud1965 i.year if year<1970 [aweight=popw57],fe cl(county)





***********  Table C3: Placebo Test II: Effects on State-Owned Industrial Output(1965-1998) ************

****************Zhejiang Province Columns (1)-(3)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiangdata.dta", clear

xtreg lnsoepcind mfc1978 mfc1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnsoepcind mfc1978 mfc1998 coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998  i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnsoepcind mfc1978 mfc1998 coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998  i.year [aweight=pop65w],fe cl(countyid)


****************Jiangsu Province Columns (4)-(6)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\jiangsudata.dta", clear

xtreg lnsoepcind  mfc1978 mfc1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnsoepcind  mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998 i.year,fe cl(countyid)

xtreg lnsoepcind  mfc1978 mfc1998  coastline1978 coastline1998 altitude1978 altitude1998  flatgroud1978 flatgroud1998  i.year [aweight=pop65w],fe cl(countyid)





******************Table C4 Matching Estimation: Effects on Economic Performance(1978-1998)*****


****************Zhejiang  Columns (1)-(4)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\zhejiang_longrun.dta", clear

nnmatch gr7898e mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)

nnmatch lnpcgdp98 mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)

nnmatch  lnpcind98 mfc  lnpcind78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)

nnmatch  lnlight mfc lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)


****************Jiangsu  Columns (5)-(8)***************

use "D:\Research\Jiangzhe_new\replication files\Jiangsu_longrun.dta", clear

nnmatch gr7898e mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)

nnmatch lnpcgdp98 mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)

nnmatch  lnpcind98 mfc  lnpcind78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)

nnmatch  lnlight mfc  lnpcgdp78  lnpop78 lnaltitude lncoastline flatground ,m(3) robust(3) tc(att)







